What Is an EORI Number and Why It Matters for Global Trade
An EORI number (Economic Operators Registration and Identification number) is a unique customs identifier issued by customs authorities. Businesses or individuals involved in international trade must use this number to import or export goods across borders. It ensures compliance with customs regulations and supports efficient logistics operations.
Key Features
Format:
An EORI code begins with a country code (for example, “GB” for the UK or “EU” for the European Union) followed by a unique alphanumeric sequence of up to 15 characters.
Purpose:
You will use your EORI registration when submitting customs declarations, Entry Summary Declarations (ENS), Exit Summary Declarations (EXS), and other customs-related activities.
Scope of Application:
This identifier is required for freight forwarders, e-commerce sellers, logistics providers, and other economic operators engaged in cross-border trade.
Who Needs an EORI Number?
If you’re a business or individual planning to import or export goods commercially, you need to obtain an EORI number. Without it, your shipments may face delays or rejection at customs.
Country-Specific EORI Requirements
1. UK-Based Businesses
Companies trading with countries outside the UK must get a UK EORI number, which starts with “GB”.
2. EU-Based Companies
If you operate within the EU or import products into the EU, you’ll need an EU EORI number issued by the country where you first submit your customs declaration.
3. Freight Forwarders
As intermediaries in global shipping, freight forwarders must obtain an EORI number to manage customs clearance on behalf of clients.
4. Non-EU Companies
If you’re a non-EU business trading with the EU, you must apply for an EU EORI code in the first country where your goods enter the Union.
5. U.S.-Based Businesses
Although the United States does not issue EORI numbers, U.S. companies trading with the EU or the UK must apply for an EORI registration from the relevant region to ensure seamless customs processing.
The Role of EORI Numbers in Supply Chain Optimization
In today’s globalized market, an EORI number is essential for streamlining international supply chain operations.
How It Supports Supply Chain Efficiency
Faster Customs Clearance:
Submitting your customs identifier speeds up the customs declaration process, reducing port entry delays.Improved Shipment Tracking:
Using an EORI number enhances shipment visibility across the entire logistics chain.Regulatory Compliance:
With an EORI registration, your business complies with international trade laws, avoiding fines or delays.
Post-Brexit Changes to EORI Requirements
Since Brexit, new regulations require businesses to apply for additional EORI numbers depending on their location and trade routes.
Key Post-Brexit EORI Requirements
GB EORI Number:
Mandatory for companies importing or exporting goods from the UK.EU EORI Number:
Required for UK businesses trading with EU countries.XI EORI Number (Northern Ireland):
Businesses operating between Northern Ireland and non-EU countries need an XI EORI code.
Final Thoughts
Having a valid EORI number is essential for smooth customs clearance, regulatory compliance, and efficient international trade. Don’t let missing paperwork disrupt your shipments—apply for your customs identifier before shipping.
